Transcription factors and regulation of AQP expression in maize stomatal guard cells and subsidiary cells
The major goal of this project is to find out the relationship between aquaporins and stomatal movements, and to elucidate the regulation of aquaporins in stomata. The stomata are openings formed on the epidermis formed by two guard cells (GC) surrounded by subsidiary cells (SC), allowing gaseous exchange for photosynthesis at the expense of water via transpiration. Stomata are tightly regulated by the influx and efflux of water and small solutes across GC or SC membranes. The diffusion of these solutes and water through the membranes can be facilitated by aquaporins (AQPs). While there is insufficient knowledge on the precise role of AQPs in stomata, specific microdissection of the mechanism of AQP action in GCs and SCs affecting stomata is further limited. The superiority of grass stomata owing to their quick response make them apt for studying the role of AQPs in stomatal response, especially under abiotic stress condition since climate change has made crops worldwide extremely vulnerable. In this regard, maize is an appropriate grass crop to use as a model because of its economic importance. The overall goal of this project is to study the role of different AQPs, and their transcriptional regulation in stomatal complexes, that can be used to produce stress-resilient crops. We will be using transactivation assays, protoplast engineering, maize suspension cells, and CRISPR/Cas to achieve the objectives. The mechanisms uncovered here can be monumental to extrapolate the grass stress resilience mechanisms into other vital crops.