Diplômes

 Summary of the Ph.D. research
The study of the global silicon (Si) cycle is timely because of its close link to global change processes through silicate weathering, diatom growth, plant growth and the organic carbon storage in soils. The goal of the Ph.D. thesis was thus to investigate the impact of temperate forest vegetation on the terrestrial Si cycle. The original results of the Ph.D. thesis were first to prove that tree species clearly influence Si uptake rates and can affect Si transfer to hydrosphere. Moreover, in the Earth's critical zone, forest vegetations can influence the soil development through (i) different rates of Si biocycling, and (ii) different rates of bioturbation (mineral mixing). Through geochemical elemental analyses and novel stable isotopes techniques, the results of the Ph.D. thesis prove that the release of dissolved Si in temperate forest Earth's critical zone is greatly influenced by the partial dissolution of secondary clay-sized minerals. This study thus opens up new horizons to assess the relative impact of biological and pedogenic processes on the carbon dynamic in forest soils.

The more significant research interests to date may be summarized as follows:
Soil sciences                                                  

- Impact of tree species on the soil development and properties
- Organic matter decomposition
- Secondary clay mineral neoformation and stabilization of organo-mineral associations
- Amorphous and poorly crystalline secondary minerals
Biogeochemistry
- Biogeochemical cycles in temperate and tropical forest ecosystems
- Silicon (Si) dynamics in soil-plant systems
- Geochemical tracers (stable Si isotopes and Ge/Si ratios) and the Si pathways in terrestrial ecosystems
- Rare Earth Elements dynamics in soil-plant systems

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2012 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Wiaux, François; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Van Oost, Kristof; Vanclooster, Marnik (2012). Space-time dynamics of soil respiration link to a C pool differentiation of the hillslope scale: an experimental study. In :Vanclooster M., Proceedings, p. 82. PhD Student Day ENVITAM, Espace Senghor, Gembloux le 08.02.2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/107064. Contribution à ouvrage collectif (Book Chapter) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Kruyts, Nathalie; Dufey, Joseph; Delvaux, Bruno; Opfergelt, Sophie (2012). Understanding root uptake of nutrients, toxic and polluting elements in hydroponic culture. In :T. Asao, HydroponicsIn Tech. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/97527. 2011 Article de périodique (Journal article) Trum, Florence; Titeux, Hugues; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). Effects of manganese addition on carbon release from forest floor horizons. In : Canadian Journal of Forest Research (16 February 2011), p. 643-648. doi: 10.1139/X10-224. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70571. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Georg, Bastian; Lucas, Yves; Ranger, Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2011). Tracing the origin of dissolved silicon transferred from various soil-plant systems towards rivers: a review. In : Biogeosciences (2011), p. 89-112. doi: 10.5194/bg-8-89-2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70570. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Titeux, Hugues; Ranger, Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). Identification and distribution of the readily soluble silicon pool in a temperate forest soil below three distinct tree species. In : Plant and Soil. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/72894. Van Ranst, Eric; Dumon , Mathijs; Tolossa, A; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Stoops, G; Deckers , S. et al. (2011). Revisiting ferrolysis processes in the formation of Planosols for rationalizing the soils with stagnic properties in WRB. In : Geoderma (2011), p. 265-274. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.05.002. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90220. Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas (2011). The Si biocycling in soil-plant systems - isotopical and geochemical applications. IBIS meeting - the biogenic silica cycle from land to ocean, Antwerp du 04/04/2011 au 07/04/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70576. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Caignet, Isabelle; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). The future soil capacity of Podzols to stabilize soil organic carbon through formation of imogolite. International conference on Soil organic matter, Leuven du 11/07/2011 au 14/07/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90225. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Hardy, Brieuc; Delvaux, Bruno; Dufey, Joseph (2011). Charcoal production at mound kiln sites affects pedogenesis and soil capacity to stabilize organic carbon. International Symposium on Interactions of Soil Minerals with Organic Components and Microorganisms du 26/06/2011 au 01/07/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90227. 2010 Article de périodique (Journal article) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, D.; André, Luc; Ranger, J.; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). Tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest soil solutions using Si isotopes and Ge/Si ratios. In : Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2010), p. 3913-3924. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.056. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/33770. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Ranger, J.; Iserentant, Anne (2010). Tree species impact the terrestrial cycle of silicon through various uptakes. In : Biogeochemistry : an international journal (2010), p. 231-245. doi: 10.1007/s10533-009-9369-x. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/34207. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Titeux, Hugues (2010). Contrasting silicon uptakes by coniferous trees: a hydroponic experiment on young seedlings. In : Plant and Soil : international journal on plant-soil relationships (2010), p. 99-106. doi: 10.1007/s11104-010-0451-x. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/34958. Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger , Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). The source of dissolved silicon in soil surface solutions of a temperate forest ecosystem: Ge/Si and Si isotope ratios as biogeochemical tracers. In : EOS Trans. AGU, Fall Meet. Suppl.. AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, USA du 13/12/2010 au 17/12/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70577. Van Ranst, Eric; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Dumon, Mathijs; Deckers, Jozef (2010). On the origin of Planosols – the process of ferrolysis revisited. In :Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science; Soil Solution for a changing world. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Brisbane, Australia du 01/08/2010 au 06/08/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70575. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2010). Impact of tree species on the distribution of alkaliextractable Si in a Cambisol. In :Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science; Soil Solution for a changing world. World Congress of Soil Science, Brisbane, Australia du 01/08/2010 au 06/08/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70573. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger, R; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). Tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest floor leachate : Best poster presentation award. ENVITAM PhD Day, 2010, Namur le 12/01/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/72951. Thèse (Dissertation) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas (2010). Impact of tree species on silicon cycling in temperate soil-tree systems. Unpublished thesis, UCL. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/32292. 2009 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Cornelis, Mathieu (2009). Public debate, collective learning process and soil-plant system expertise: when scientific knowledge becomes socially distributed. In :Buttoud G., Proceedings of the International Symposium on Change in governance as collective learning. International Symposium on Change in governance as collective learning, Nancy du 21/06/2009 au 24/06/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70572. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger , Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2009). Impact of tree species on the distribution of amorphous silica in an acid brown soil. International conference geologica belgica – Challenge for the planet: earth science’s prespective, Ghent (Belgium) du 14/09/2009 au 16/09/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70579. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger, Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2009). Ge/Si ratios and Si isotopes tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest soil solutions : Prized abstract. 3rd Workshop on the aqueous chemistry and biochemistry of silicon, Silicon by the sea, San Diego, USA du 07/12/2009 au 11/12/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70578. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, J.; Delvaux, Bruno (2009). Forest tree species impacts plant uptake of Si. Silicon in Agriculture, Wild Coast sun, South Africa du 26/10/2009 au 31/10/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/83047. 2008 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, Jacques; Iserentant, Anne; Delvaux, Bruno (2008). Evaluation of silicon stocks and uptake in five forest stands on an acid brown soil. Eurosoil congress, Soil-society-environment, Vienna Austria du 11/08/2008 au 15/08/2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70581. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, J.; Lambin, J.; Delvaux, Bruno (2008). Distribution of biogenic and inorganic silicon in three distinct forest floors from an acid brown soil. Second Envitam PhD Day, Liège, Belgique le 29 janvier. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/83101.

-University of British Columbia , PCIGR (Pr. D. Weis): A geochemical approach to quantify pedogenic processes governing soil capacity to stabilize organic carbon

-INRA-Champenoux, Biogeochemistry of forest ecosystem, Nancy, France (Dr. J. Ranger): Impact of tree species on soil development and biogeochemical cycle of Si.           

- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Tervuren, Belgium (Pr. L. André): Geochemical tracers (stable Si isotopes).
- Universiteit Gent, Soil Science Laboratory, Gent, Belgium (Pr. E. Van Ranst): Soil properties and formation: study case in Ethiopia of a Planosol.
- Université du Sud-Toulon Var, Laboratory PROTEE, France (Pr. Y. Lucas) : Transfer and exchange processes in the environment.
- Trent University, Worsfold Water Quality Centre, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada (Dr. R.B. Georg): The origin of dissolved silicon from various soil-plant systems: a geochemical approach. 

- Groupe de recherche "Foret, Nature & Societe" C. Farcy

Biographie

Diplômes

Recherche

 Summary of the Ph.D. research
The study of the global silicon (Si) cycle is timely because of its close link to global change processes through silicate weathering, diatom growth, plant growth and the organic carbon storage in soils. The goal of the Ph.D. thesis was thus to investigate the impact of temperate forest vegetation on the terrestrial Si cycle. The original results of the Ph.D. thesis were first to prove that tree species clearly influence Si uptake rates and can affect Si transfer to hydrosphere. Moreover, in the Earth's critical zone, forest vegetations can influence the soil development through (i) different rates of Si biocycling, and (ii) different rates of bioturbation (mineral mixing). Through geochemical elemental analyses and novel stable isotopes techniques, the results of the Ph.D. thesis prove that the release of dissolved Si in temperate forest Earth's critical zone is greatly influenced by the partial dissolution of secondary clay-sized minerals. This study thus opens up new horizons to assess the relative impact of biological and pedogenic processes on the carbon dynamic in forest soils.

The more significant research interests to date may be summarized as follows:
Soil sciences                                                  

- Impact of tree species on the soil development and properties
- Organic matter decomposition
- Secondary clay mineral neoformation and stabilization of organo-mineral associations
- Amorphous and poorly crystalline secondary minerals
Biogeochemistry
- Biogeochemical cycles in temperate and tropical forest ecosystems
- Silicon (Si) dynamics in soil-plant systems
- Geochemical tracers (stable Si isotopes and Ge/Si ratios) and the Si pathways in terrestrial ecosystems
- Rare Earth Elements dynamics in soil-plant systems

collaboration

-University of British Columbia , PCIGR (Pr. D. Weis): A geochemical approach to quantify pedogenic processes governing soil capacity to stabilize organic carbon

-INRA-Champenoux, Biogeochemistry of forest ecosystem, Nancy, France (Dr. J. Ranger): Impact of tree species on soil development and biogeochemical cycle of Si.           

- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Tervuren, Belgium (Pr. L. André): Geochemical tracers (stable Si isotopes).
- Universiteit Gent, Soil Science Laboratory, Gent, Belgium (Pr. E. Van Ranst): Soil properties and formation: study case in Ethiopia of a Planosol.
- Université du Sud-Toulon Var, Laboratory PROTEE, France (Pr. Y. Lucas) : Transfer and exchange processes in the environment.
- Trent University, Worsfold Water Quality Centre, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada (Dr. R.B. Georg): The origin of dissolved silicon from various soil-plant systems: a geochemical approach. 

- Groupe de recherche "Foret, Nature & Societe" C. Farcy

Publications

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2012 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Wiaux, François; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Van Oost, Kristof; Vanclooster, Marnik (2012). Space-time dynamics of soil respiration link to a C pool differentiation of the hillslope scale: an experimental study. In :Vanclooster M., Proceedings, p. 82. PhD Student Day ENVITAM, Espace Senghor, Gembloux le 08.02.2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/107064. Contribution à ouvrage collectif (Book Chapter) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Kruyts, Nathalie; Dufey, Joseph; Delvaux, Bruno; Opfergelt, Sophie (2012). Understanding root uptake of nutrients, toxic and polluting elements in hydroponic culture. In :T. Asao, HydroponicsIn Tech. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/97527. 2011 Article de périodique (Journal article) Trum, Florence; Titeux, Hugues; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). Effects of manganese addition on carbon release from forest floor horizons. In : Canadian Journal of Forest Research (16 February 2011), p. 643-648. doi: 10.1139/X10-224. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70571. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Georg, Bastian; Lucas, Yves; Ranger, Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2011). Tracing the origin of dissolved silicon transferred from various soil-plant systems towards rivers: a review. In : Biogeosciences (2011), p. 89-112. doi: 10.5194/bg-8-89-2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70570. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Titeux, Hugues; Ranger, Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). Identification and distribution of the readily soluble silicon pool in a temperate forest soil below three distinct tree species. In : Plant and Soil. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/72894. Van Ranst, Eric; Dumon , Mathijs; Tolossa, A; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Stoops, G; Deckers , S. et al. (2011). Revisiting ferrolysis processes in the formation of Planosols for rationalizing the soils with stagnic properties in WRB. In : Geoderma (2011), p. 265-274. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.05.002. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90220. Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas (2011). The Si biocycling in soil-plant systems - isotopical and geochemical applications. IBIS meeting - the biogenic silica cycle from land to ocean, Antwerp du 04/04/2011 au 07/04/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70576. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Caignet, Isabelle; Delvaux, Bruno (2011). The future soil capacity of Podzols to stabilize soil organic carbon through formation of imogolite. International conference on Soil organic matter, Leuven du 11/07/2011 au 14/07/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90225. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Hardy, Brieuc; Delvaux, Bruno; Dufey, Joseph (2011). Charcoal production at mound kiln sites affects pedogenesis and soil capacity to stabilize organic carbon. International Symposium on Interactions of Soil Minerals with Organic Components and Microorganisms du 26/06/2011 au 01/07/2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/90227. 2010 Article de périodique (Journal article) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, D.; André, Luc; Ranger, J.; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). Tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest soil solutions using Si isotopes and Ge/Si ratios. In : Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2010), p. 3913-3924. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.056. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/33770. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Ranger, J.; Iserentant, Anne (2010). Tree species impact the terrestrial cycle of silicon through various uptakes. In : Biogeochemistry : an international journal (2010), p. 231-245. doi: 10.1007/s10533-009-9369-x. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/34207. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Titeux, Hugues (2010). Contrasting silicon uptakes by coniferous trees: a hydroponic experiment on young seedlings. In : Plant and Soil : international journal on plant-soil relationships (2010), p. 99-106. doi: 10.1007/s11104-010-0451-x. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/34958. Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger , Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). The source of dissolved silicon in soil surface solutions of a temperate forest ecosystem: Ge/Si and Si isotope ratios as biogeochemical tracers. In : EOS Trans. AGU, Fall Meet. Suppl.. AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco, USA du 13/12/2010 au 17/12/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70577. Van Ranst, Eric; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Dumon, Mathijs; Deckers, Jozef (2010). On the origin of Planosols – the process of ferrolysis revisited. In :Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science; Soil Solution for a changing world. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Brisbane, Australia du 01/08/2010 au 06/08/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70575. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2010). Impact of tree species on the distribution of alkaliextractable Si in a Cambisol. In :Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science; Soil Solution for a changing world. World Congress of Soil Science, Brisbane, Australia du 01/08/2010 au 06/08/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70573. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger, R; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2010). Tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest floor leachate : Best poster presentation award. ENVITAM PhD Day, 2010, Namur le 12/01/2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/72951. Thèse (Dissertation) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas (2010). Impact of tree species on silicon cycling in temperate soil-tree systems. Unpublished thesis, UCL. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/32292. 2009 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Cornelis, Mathieu (2009). Public debate, collective learning process and soil-plant system expertise: when scientific knowledge becomes socially distributed. In :Buttoud G., Proceedings of the International Symposium on Change in governance as collective learning. International Symposium on Change in governance as collective learning, Nancy du 21/06/2009 au 24/06/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70572. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger , Jacques; Delvaux, Bruno (2009). Impact of tree species on the distribution of amorphous silica in an acid brown soil. International conference geologica belgica – Challenge for the planet: earth science’s prespective, Ghent (Belgium) du 14/09/2009 au 16/09/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70579. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Delvaux, Bruno; Cardinal, Damien; André, Luc; Ranger, Jacques; Opfergelt, S. et al. (2009). Ge/Si ratios and Si isotopes tracing mechanisms controlling the release of dissolved silicon in forest soil solutions : Prized abstract. 3rd Workshop on the aqueous chemistry and biochemistry of silicon, Silicon by the sea, San Diego, USA du 07/12/2009 au 11/12/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70578. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, J.; Delvaux, Bruno (2009). Forest tree species impacts plant uptake of Si. Silicon in Agriculture, Wild Coast sun, South Africa du 26/10/2009 au 31/10/2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/83047. 2008 Communication à un colloque (Conference Paper) Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, Jacques; Iserentant, Anne; Delvaux, Bruno (2008). Evaluation of silicon stocks and uptake in five forest stands on an acid brown soil. Eurosoil congress, Soil-society-environment, Vienna Austria du 11/08/2008 au 15/08/2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/70581. Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Ranger, J.; Lambin, J.; Delvaux, Bruno (2008). Distribution of biogenic and inorganic silicon in three distinct forest floors from an acid brown soil. Second Envitam PhD Day, Liège, Belgique le 29 janvier. http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/83101.