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Tom Delreux

Professeur
tom.delreux@uclouvain.be

SSH/ESPO Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication (ESPO)

SSH/ESPO/EURO Ecole interfacultaire en études européennes (EURO)

SSH/SPLE Institut de sciences politiques Louvain-Europe (ISPOLE)

2026
Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2026). The EU and Multilateral Negotiations. In Knodt M., Chaban N., Costa O., Müller P. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of European Union Politics (pp. 520-530). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003488736-47

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/275826


Delreux, T. (2026). European Union external environmental policy: Engagement with third countries and international institutions. In Zito A., Domorenok E. (ed.), De Gruyter Handbook of European Union Environmental Policy (pp. 429-441). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111321523-033

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/277408


Delreux, T., & Crellin, C. (2026). EU Climate Policy. In Orsini A., Kavvatha E. (ed.), EU Environmental Governance. Current and Future Challenges (Second Edition, p. p. 36-53). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003479260-4

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/249324


Journal article

Laloux, T., Delreux, T., & Mercenier, E. (2026). Brokering Deals in EU Trilogues? Legislative Priorities and Success of the Belgian Presidency. Politics of the Low Countries, 8, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.54195/plc.23708 (Original work published 2026)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/267295


2025
Journal article

Bardou, M., & Delreux, T. (2025). How the European Parliament Chooses Its Battles: Parliamentary Resolutions on the Negotiation of International Agreements. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 63(6), 1764-1782. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13720 (Original work published 2025)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/267318


Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2025). Union européenne. In Estève A., Ollitraut S., Orsini A., Persico S., Villalba B., Allain M. (ed.), Dictionnaire d’écologie politique (p. p. 559-563). Presses de Sciences Po.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/263339


2024
Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2024). New institutionalism. In Brandsma G. (ed.), Handbook on European Union Public Administration (p. p. 22-33). Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781802209013

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/229599


Journal article

Delreux, T., & Earsom, J. (2024). Missed opportunities: The impact of internal compartmentalization on EU diplomacy across the international regime complex on climate change. Journal of European Public Policy, 31(9), 2960-2985. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2023.2217849 (Original work published 2024)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/267951


2023
Journal article

Earsom, J., & Delreux, T. (2023). One Big Conversation: The EU’s Climate Diplomacy across the International Regime Complex on the Paris Agreement Negotiations. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 61(1), 198-214. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13365 (Original work published 2023)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/269318


Delreux, T., & Earsom, J. (2023). The European Union as an Actor Navigating International Regime Complexes. Politics and Governance, 11(2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i2.6901 (Original work published 2023)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/267955


Earsom, J., & Delreux, T. (2023). A New Kid in Town? The Evolution of the EEAS Headquarters’ Involvement in EU Climate Diplomacy. European Foreign Affairs Review, 28(3), 283-302. (Original work published 2023)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/267940


Monography

Keukeleire, S., & Delreux, T. (2023). Η εξωτερική πολιτική της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Pedio Books.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29092


Book chapter

Biedenkopf, K., & Delreux, T. (2023). European Integration, the Environment and Climate Change. In Segers, Mathieu, Van Hecke, Steven (ed.), The Cambridge History of the European Union (p. p. 418-441). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108780865.017

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/219995


2022
Monography

Keukeleire S., & Delreux, T. (2022). The Foreign Policy of the European Union. Third Edition (Third Edition). Bloomsbury.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/23925


2021
Journal article

Pipart, F., & Delreux, T. (2021). Role Perceptions in Global Environmental Negotiations: From Reformist Leaders to Conservative Bystanders. The International Spectator, 56(3), 7-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932729.2021.1939971 (Original work published 2021)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/27665


Laloux, T., & Delreux, T. (2021). The origins of EU legislation: agenda-setting, intra-institutional decision-making or interinstitutional negotiations? West European Politics, 44(7), 1555-1576. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2020.1836861 (Original work published 2021)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/213147


Earsom, J., & Delreux, T. (2021). A Nice Tailwind: The EU’s Goal Achievement at the IMO Initial Strategy. Politics and Governance, 9(3), 401-411. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i3.4296 (Original work published 2021)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/268862


Delreux, T., & Pipart, F. (2021). Ego versus Alter: Internal and External Perceptions of the EU’s Role in Global Environmental Negotiations. Journal of Common Market Studies, 59(5), 1284-1302. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13182 (Original work published 2021)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24286


Earsom, J., & Delreux, T. (2021). Evaluating EU responsiveness to the evolution of the international regime complex on climate change. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 21(4), 711-728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-021-09541-8 (Original work published 2021)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/269023


Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2021). The EU in international environmental negotiations. In Jordan A., Gravey V. (ed.), Environmental Policy in the EU. Actors, Institutions and Processes (Fourth edition, p. p. 259-275). Routledge.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/220591


Delreux, T. (2021). Regional governance. In Morin J., Orsini A. (ed.), Essential Concepts of Global Environmental Governance. Second edition (second edition, p. p. 213-216). Routledge.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/219818


2019
Book chapter

Delreux, T., & Adriaensen, J. (2019). Principal-Agent Analysis and the European Union. In Laursen F. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of European Union Politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1048

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/219497


Delreux, T., & Pipart, F. (2019). Climate Policy in European Union Politics. In Laursen F. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of European Union Politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.109

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/269096


Journal article

Delreux, T., & Burns, C. (2019). Parliamentarizing a Politicized Policy: Understanding the Involvement of the European Parliament in UN Climate Negotiations. Politics and Governance, 7(3), 339-349. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v7i3.2093 (Original work published 2019)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/268812


2018
Journal article

Delreux, T., & Adriaensen, J. (2018). Twenty years of principal-agent research in EU politics: how to cope with complexity? European Political Science, 17(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41304-017-0129-4 (Original work published 2018)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28809


Delreux, T., & Laloux, T. (2018). Concluding Early Agreements in the EU: A Double Principal-Agent Analysis of Trilogue Negotiations. Journal of Common Market Studies, 56(2), 300-317. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12633 (Original work published 2018)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/213156


Laloux, T., & Delreux, T. (2018). How much do agents in trilogues deviate from their principals’ instructions? Introducing a deviation index. Journal of European Public Policy, 25(7), 1067. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1428215 (Original work published 2018)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/213165


Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2018). Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Key Instrument of Global Environmental Governance. In Adelle C., Biedenkopf K., Torney D. (ed.), European Union External Environmental Policy (p. p. 19-38). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60931-7_2

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/220061


Pirlot, P., Delreux, T., & Farcy, C. (2018). Forests: A Multi-sectoral and Multi-level Approach to Sustainable Forest Management. In Adelle, C., Biedenkopf, K., Torney, D. (ed.), European Union External Environmental Policy. Rules, Regulation and Governance Beyond Borders. (p. p. 167-187). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60931-7

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/219547


2017
Monography

Delreux, T., & Adriaensen, J. (2017). The Principal Agent Model and the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29091


Keukeleire, S., & Delreux, T. (2017). 欧盟外交政策 [EU foreign policy]. 上海人民 [Shanghai People’s Publishing House].

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29401


Book chapter

Delreux, T., & Pirlot, P. (2017). The EU Performance in the UN Forum on Forests: An Analysis of the EU at UNFF11. In Spyros Blavoukos, Dimitrios Bourantonis (ed.), The EU in UN Politics (p. p. 187-207). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95152-9_10

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26387


Adriaensen, J., & Delreux, T. (2017). Conclusion. Opportunities and Challenges for the Principal–Agent Model in Studying the European Union. In Delreux Tom & Adriaensen Johan (ed.), The Principal Agent Model and the European Union (p. p. 283-299). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55137-1_12

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26416


Delreux, T., & Adriaensen, J. (2017). Introduction. Use and limitations of the principal-agent model in studying the European Union. In Delreux Tom & Adriaensen Johan (ed.), The Principal Agent Model and the European Union (p. p. 1-34). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55137-1_1

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26385


Journal article

Delreux, T., & Keukeleire, S. (2017). Informal division of labour in EU foreign policy-making. Journal of European Public Policy, 24(10), 1471-1490. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2016.1216151 (Original work published 2017)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28986


2016
Monography

Delreux, T., & Happaerts, S. (2016). Environmental Policy and Politics in the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24345


2015
Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2015). Regional governance. In Morin J.F., Orsini A. (ed.), Essential Concepts of Global Environmental Governance (p. p. 172-175). Routledge.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/27669


Delreux, T., & Randour, F. (2015). Belgium: Institutional and Administrative Adaptation but Limited Political Interest. In Hefftler C., Neuhold C., Rozenberg O., Smith J. (ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of National Parliaments and the European Union (p. p. 153-169). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-28913-1_7

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24105


Delreux, T. (2015). Bureaucratic Politics, New Institutionalism and Principal-Agent Models. In Jørgensen K., Aarstad A., Drieskens E., Laatikainen K., Tonra B. (ed.), The SAGE Handbook on European Foreign Policy (p. p. 152-165). SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473915190.n10

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26699


Journal article

Keukeleire, S., & Delreux, T. (2015). Competing structural powers and challenges for the EU’s structural foreign policy. Global Affairs, 1(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/23340460.2015.983730 (Original work published 2015)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24289


2014
Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2014). The EU and multilateralism in the environmental field. UNEP reform and external representation in environmental negotiations. In Drieskens E., van Schaik L. (ed.), The EU and Effective Multilateralism. Internal and external reform practices (p. p. 66-83). Routledge.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29137


Journal article

Delreux, T. (2014). EU actorness, cohesiveness and effectiveness in environmental affairs. Journal of European Public Policy, 21(7), 1017-1032. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.912250 (Original work published 2014)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28210


Randour, F., Janssens, C., & Delreux, T. (2014). The Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms in the European Union: A Necessary Trade-Off? Journal of Common Market Studies, 52(6), 1307-1323. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12149 (Original work published 2014)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29143


Monography

Keukeleire, S., & Delreux, T. (2014). The Foreign Policy of the European Union (2nd edition) (2nd edition). Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28880


2013
Journal article

Delreux, T., & Van den Brande, K. (2013). Taking the lead: informal division of labour in the EU’s external environmental policy-making. Journal of European Public Policy, 20(1), 113-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2012.693421 (Original work published 2013)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/23921


Delreux, T., & Randour, F. (2013). L’européanisation des institutions belges: l’adaptation du parlement fédéral belge au processus décisionnel européen. Revue des affaires européennes, 19(1), 55-65. (Original work published 2013)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28884


2012
Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2012). The EU as an actor in global environmental politics. In Jordan A., Adelle C. (ed.), Environmental Policy in the EU. Actors, institutions and processes. Third edition (p. p. 287-305). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203109823

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28216


Delreux, T., & Criekemans, D. (2012). Environment, Climate Change and Energy: Inter-institutional Compromises and International Representation. In Van Hecke S., Bursens P. (ed.), Readjusting the Council Presidency. Belgian Leadership in the EU. Academic & Scientific Publishers.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29948


Delreux, T. (2012). The EU in Negotiations on the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. In Wouters Jan, Bruyninckx Hans, Basu Sudeshna, Schunz Simon (eds.) (ed.), The European Union and Multilateral Governance. Assessing EU Participation in United Nations Human Rights and Environmental Fora (p. p. 214-231). Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28981


Justaert, A., Drieskens, E., Van den Brande, K., & Delreux, T. (2012). The Governance Turns in EU Studies in Belgium. In Bindi F., Eliassen K. (ed.), Analyzing European Union Politics (p. p. 93-114). Società edidrice il Mulino.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/25685


Delreux, T., Drieskens, E., Kerremans, B., & Damro, C. (2012). The External Context Matters: The EU in International Negotiations. In Costa O., Jørgensen K. (ed.), The Influence of International Institutions on the EU. When Multilateralism hits Brussels (p. p. 58-75). Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29095


Journal article

Delreux, T. (2012). Book review. Cooperation or Conflict? Problematizing Organizational Overlap in Europe. West European Politics, 32(2), 428-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2011.648476 (Original work published 2012)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/27915


Delreux, T. (2012). The Rotating Presidency and the EU’s External Representation in Environmental Affairs: the Case of Climate Change and Biodiversity Negotiations. Journal of Contemporary European Research, 8(2), 210-227. (Original work published 2012)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28388


2011
Journal article

Delreux, T. (2011). EU-besluitvorming en internationale milieuonderhandelingen. Bestuurskunde.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/23796


De Ville, F., Criekemans, D., & Delreux, T. (2011). De verrassend effectieve interne coördinatie van het Belgisch Voorzitterschap van 2010: algemene analyse en toepassing op de casus Milieubeleid. Res Publica : Belgian journal of political science.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26768


Delreux, T. (2011). Book review. Integrating Europe: Informal politics & institutional cchange. Acta Politica : international journal of political science, 46(4), 425-427. https://doi.org/10.1057/ap.2011.23 (Original work published 2011)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26389


Delreux, T. (2011). La politique environnementale et climatique : le rôle interne et externe de la Présidence belge. Annales d’études européennes, 9(—), 55-70. (Original work published 2011)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28978


Delreux, T. (2011). The relation between the European Commission and the EU member states in the transatlantic Open Skies negotiations: an analysis of their opportunities and constraints. Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 9(2), 113-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/14794012.2011.568164 (Original work published 2011)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/27938


Monography

Delreux, T. (2011). The EU as International Environmental Negotiator. Ashgate.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/23671


2010
Journal article

Delreux, T., & Kerremans, B. (2010). How agents weaken their principals’ incentives to control: the case of EU negotiators and EU member states in multilateral negotiations. Revue d’Intégration Européenne, 32(4), 357-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036331003797554 (Original work published 2010)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24045


Book chapter

Delreux, T. (2010). The First Stage EU-US Open Skies Negotiations (2003-2007): A Look at the Internal Decision-Making Process in the European Union. In Wouters J., Sterckx S. (ed.), European Union, United States and Global Governance. Major Trends and Challenges (p. p. 111-126).

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/23841


2009
Journal article

Delreux, T. (2009). Cooperation and control in the European Union. The case of the EU as international environmental negotiator. Cooperation and Conflict, 44(2), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836709102739 (Original work published 2009)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29945


Delreux, T. (2009). The European Union in International Environmental Negotiations: an Analysis of the Stockholm Convention Negotiations. Environmental Policy and Governance, 19(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.494 (Original work published 2009)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24171


Delreux, T. (2009). The EU negotiates multilateral environmental agreements: explaining the agent’s discretion. Journal of European Public Policy, 16(5), 719-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760902983432 (Original work published 2009)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24226


Delreux, T. (2009). The EU in Environmental Negotiations in UNECE: An Analysis of its Role in the Aarhus Convention and the SEA Protocol Negotiations. Review of European Community and International Environmental Law. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9388.2009.00653.x

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/210603


2008
Journal article

Delreux, T. (2008). The EU as a negotiator in multilateral chemicals negotiations: multiple principals, different agents. Journal of European Public Policy, 15(7), 1069-1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760802311858 (Original work published 2008)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24047


Delreux, T. (2008). De Europese Unie in internationale milieuonderhandelingen: wat verklaart de onderhandelingsautonomie van de EU-onderhandelaar? Res Publica : Belgian journal of political science, 50(2), 99-122. (Original work published 2008)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/27819


2006
Journal article

Delreux, T. (2006). The European Union in international environmental negotiations: a legal perspective on the internal decision-making process. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 6(3), 231-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-006-9015-1 (Original work published 2006)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/26770


Delreux, T. (2006). Nog steeds de beste leerling van de klas? België en het Europees constitutionaliseringsproces. Internationale Spectator : maandblad voor internationale politiek, 60(6), 326-331. (Original work published 2006)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/29554


2005
Journal article

Delreux, T. (2005). Twee sporen en vier niveaus: het Europees beleid van België ten aanzien van de Europese landbouwhervormingen van 1992 en 2003. Res Publica : Belgian journal of political science, 47(4), 466-493. (Original work published 2005)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24220


Book chapter

Delreux, T., & Steensels, C. (2005). Belgium. In Lodge J. (ed.), The 2004 Elections to the European Parliament (p. p. 65-72). Palgrave Macmillan.

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/28894


2004
Journal article

Beyers, J., Delreux, T., & Steensels, C. (2004). The Europeanisation of Intergovernmental Cooperation and Conflict Resolution In Belgium: The Case of Agriculture. Perspectives on European Politics and Society : journal of intra-european dialogue, 5(1), 103-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/15705850408438881 (Original work published 2004)

https://research.dial.uclouvain.be/handle/2078.5/24043


Learning units for 2025

Label Code
L'Union européenne dans le monde BEUSL2721
Political Theories of European integration LEUSL2010
External Action of the European Union LEUSL2012
Actors of the European political system LEUSL2015
Europeanisation LEUSL2016
Year Label School
2008 Doctorat en sciences sociales Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) (Belgique)
2003 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) (Belgique)